YB-49 Crash Site, June 5, 1948

The YB-49 was a prototype jet-powered flying wing aircraft designed and built by Northrop Corporation in the 1940s and 1950s. On June 5, 1948, the YB-49 experienced a catastrophic crash near Mojave in Los Angeles County, California, which resulted in the death of all five crew members on board. Captain Glen Edwards was the co-pilot of the flight, and the namesake of Edwards Air Force Base. The crash was a significant event in aviation history, as it raised questions about the safety of experimental aircraft and the future of jet-powered flight.

On June 5, 1948, the YB-49 experienced a catastrophic crash that resulted in the death of all five crew members on board.
On June 5, 1948, the YB-49 experienced a catastrophic crash that resulted in the death of all five crew members on board.

The YB-49 was designed as a successor to the earlier Northrop XB-35 flying wing bomber, which had been developed during World War II. The YB-49 was a radical departure from traditional aircraft design, with no tail or fuselage and a single large wing that housed the crew, engines, and weapons. The aircraft was powered by eight General Electric J35 turbojet engines and was capable of speeds up to 500 miles per hour and altitudes up to 40,000 feet.

On the day of the crash, the YB-49 took off from Muroc Air Force Base in California for a test flight. The flight was routine until about an hour into the flight, when the aircraft suddenly went into an uncontrolled spin and crashed into the desert floor. The cause of the crash was later determined to be a malfunction in the aircraft’s flight control system, which caused the elevons (the wing-mounted control surfaces that control pitch and roll) to become stuck in a partially raised position. This caused the aircraft to become unstable and enter the spin.

Brave Men Lost

The crash of the YB-49 cost these men their lives:

  • Major Daniel H. Forbes, Jr. – Pilot
  • Captain Glen W. Edwards – Copilot
  • Lt. Edward L. Swindell – Flight Engineer
  • Clare C. Lesser – Air Force civilian engineers
  • Charles H. LaFountain – Air Force civilian engineers

Muroc AFB was renamed Edwards AFB on December 5, 1949 in honor of the late Capt. Glen W Edwards

The crash of the YB-49 was a major setback for Northrop Corporation, which had invested significant time and resources into the development of the flying wing design. It also raised concerns about the safety of experimental aircraft and the need for more rigorous testing and evaluation of new designs before they are put into service. In the years following the crash, Northrop continued to develop and refine the flying wing design, eventually leading to the development of the B-2 stealth bomber, which entered service with the U.S. Air Force in the 1990s.

The crash of the YB-49 was a tragic event that highlighted the risks and challenges of experimental aircraft design. However, it also spurred innovation and development in the aviation industry, leading to the creation of new and advanced aircraft designs that continue to shape the field of aviation today.

YB-49 Crash Site Location summary

NameYB-49 Crash Site
LocationMojave Desert, Los Angeles County, California
Latitude, Longitude35.04243, -117.9926

YB-49 Trail Map

The YB-49 came to rest East of Mojave just North of Highway 58. The site contains a small memorial and one should remember that this is the location of the deaths of five brave men.

References

Happy Bottom Riding Club

Pancho Barnes, Happy Bottom Riding Club.  Photo Curtesy of the U.S. Air Force
Pancho Barnes, Happy Bottom Riding Club. Photo Curtesy of the U.S. Air Force

The Happy Bottom Riding Club was a legendary dude ranch and restaurant located in the Mojave Desert in California. The club was opened by aviator and screenwriter Pancho Barnes in the 1930s and quickly became a popular hangout for Hollywood celebrities, pilots, and other socialites.

The History of the Happy Bottom Riding Club

Pancho Barnes, born Florence Lowe Barnes in 1901, was a pioneering aviatrix who set numerous speed and altitude records in the early days of aviation. She was also a talented screenwriter who worked on several Hollywood films, including “Hell’s Angels,” directed by Howard Hughes.

In the 1930s, Barnes purchased a ranch in the Mohave and converted it into a private airfield. She named it the Happy Bottom Riding Club, after the nickname she earned as a pilot for her daring landings in dry lakebeds. The airfield quickly became a popular destination for pilots and aviation enthusiasts, who would fly in for weekend parties and barnstorming exhibitions.

Barnes also built a large clubhouse on the property, which she turned into a nightclub. The club was decorated with aviation memorabilia and had a western-themed bar and dance floor. Barnes hosted lavish parties at the club, inviting Hollywood celebrities, politicians, and other high-profile guests.

The Happy Bottom Riding Club was famous for its rowdy, freewheeling atmosphere. Barnes was known for her colorful personality and love of partying, and she encouraged her guests to let loose and have fun. The club was also known for its raunchy sense of humor and off-color jokes.

Despite its reputation as a wild party spot, the Happy Bottom Riding Club was also a place of innovation and progress. Barnes used the club as a base for her aviation business, which included flight instruction, aircraft maintenance, and aerial photography. She also provided a space for women pilots to gather and share their experiences in a male-dominated industry.

Decline of the Happy Bottom Riding Club

In the 1950s, the government took over her airfield and turned it into a military base. Barnes was forced to sell her property and move her business elsewhere. The club was a favorite haunt of many test pilots and future astronauts, perhaps the most famous was Chuck Yaeger who became the first man to break the sound barrier.

The Happy Bottom Riding Club continued to operate under new ownership for a few more years, but it was never the same without Barnes’ larger-than-life personality at the helm. The club eventually closed its doors in the 1950s and the building was demolished.

Despite its relatively short lifespan, the Happy Bottom Riding Club remains a legendary spot in aviation and Hollywood history. The ranch is destroyed by fire on November 13, 1953. Today, the ranch is located on land controlled by Edwards Air Force base.

Legacy of the Happy Bottom Riding Club

Today, the Happy Bottom Riding Club lives on in popular culture as a symbol of a bygone era of glamour, adventure, and fun. It has been referenced in movies, TV shows, and music, and continues to inspire people around the world to pursue their dreams and live life with gusto.

In 1988, a group of aviation enthusiasts founded the Pancho Barnes Trust Estate, which works to preserve Barnes’ legacy and promote aviation education. The organization has hosted several events and fundraisers over the years, including a biennial fly-in at the Mojave Air and Space Port.

In 2009, a feature film about Barnes’ life and career, titled “The Legend of Pancho Barnes and the Happy Bottom Riding Club,” was released. The film, directed by Amanda Pope, received critical acclaim and helped introduce Barnes’ story to a new generation.

References

Charles Ferge “Seldom Seen Slim” – A Ballarat Prospector

Charles Ferge "Seldom Seen Slim"
Charles Ferge “Seldom Seen Slim”

Charles Ferge “Seldom Seen Slim” (c. 1881–1968) was one of the last of the classic “desert rats”—solitary prospectors who embodied the rugged, independent spirit of the American Southwest long after the great mining booms had ended. Known almost exclusively by his colorful nickname, he spent more than fifty years as the sole permanent resident of the ghost town of Ballarat in California’s Panamint Valley, just west of Death Valley National Park. His reclusive yet welcoming personality, famous one-liners, and stubborn adherence to a minimalist desert lifestyle made him a living legend among tourists, fellow prospectors, and readers of desert lore.

Early Life

Details of Ferge’s childhood are sparse and largely self-reported. He was born in Illinois, most sources citing October 21, 1881 (though some accounts place the year around 1888–1889 to align with reports of his age at death). He claimed to have been raised in an orphanage and stated he had “no people”—no known family or ties that followed him into adulthood. His early years remain undocumented, and he left little record of his life before the desert. By his early thirties he had drifted west, drawn like so many others to the mining districts of California and Nevada.

Arrival in Ballarat and the Solitary Years

Ferge arrived in Ballarat sometime between 1913 and 1917, when the once-thriving mining-supply town was already in steep decline. Founded in 1897 to serve silver and gold mines in the Panamint Range, Ballarat had boomed briefly with 400–500 residents, saloons, hotels, a post office, and even a jail. By 1917 the last major mines had shut down, the post office closed, and nearly everyone else moved on. Ferge stayed. He became the town’s only full-time inhabitant for the next half-century.

He lived frugally in the abandoned buildings, moving from one crumbling adobe or wooden structure to another as they deteriorated. A fire later destroyed several, forcing him to rough it before he eventually acquired a Volkswagen and a small house trailer. With no electricity or running water (the local spring had dried up due to a dropping water table), he hauled drinking water in jugs from Trona, roughly 30 miles away. He bathed only a few times a year—sometimes simply standing naked in the rain or sloshing water over himself outdoors—and once quipped that he hadn’t taken a proper bath in twenty years. His sole income came from working small mining claims in the surrounding hills, selling gold ore samples and souvenir rocks to the occasional tourists and rock hounds who ventured into the ghost town.

Despite his nickname “Seldom Seen Slim” (a nod to his solitary ways and lean build), Ferge was not entirely antisocial. He became the unofficial curator and storyteller of Ballarat. Visitors were welcomed with colorful tales of the town’s history, the mines, and desert life. He sold photos of himself and rock specimens, and his exploits were regularly featured in Harry Oliver’s Desert Rat Scrap Book, a popular pocket-sized publication that circulated his fame far beyond the Mojave.

Personality and Famous Quotes

Ferge was known for a cantankerous yet entertaining demeanor that perfectly suited the desert. When asked if the isolation ever made him lonely, he had a ready reply that became his signature line:

“Me lonely? Hell no! I’m half coyote and half wild burro.”

That quotation was later carved on his tombstone. He also joked about his burial wishes: “Just bury me where the digging’s easy.” He referred to the Panamint Valley as “the suburbs of Hell,” embracing the extreme heat, isolation, and hardship as his chosen home.

Final Years, Death, and Burial

Ferge continued his solitary routine well into his eighties. In 1968, suffering from cancer, he was taken to Trona Hospital in San Bernardino County, where he died on August 10 (some contemporary reports say August 13). He was approximately 80–87 years old, depending on the exact birth year cited. His funeral was held in Ballarat’s historic Boot Hill cemetery and even received television coverage—an ironic end for a man who had spent decades avoiding the modern world. He became the 28th and final person interred there. His grave, enclosed by an ornate iron fence with a plaque, remains a popular stop for visitors to the ghost town.

Legacy

After his death the U.S. Department of the Interior honored Ferge by naming a peak in the Panamint Mountains “Slim’s Peak.” He is remembered not as a wealthy strike-maker but as the archetype of the twentieth-century desert prospector—tough, self-reliant, and content with a life most would find unbearable. His story appears in countless books, articles, and documentaries about Death Valley and the Mojave. The ruins of Ballarat, the remnants of the jail and adobe walls, and his well-tended grave continue to draw travelers who pause to read the epitaph of the man who was half coyote, half wild burro, and entirely at home in the desert.

References

El Dorado Canyon – Nevada State Historic Marker

El Dorado Canyon NSHM is Nevada State Historical Marker number six and is located in Clark County, Nevada. The stone marker is located on the junction of State Route 165 and U.S. Highway 95 between Searchlight and Boulder and the Eastern side of the Highway.

Nevada State Historical Markers identify significant places of interest in Nevada’s history. The Nevada State Legislature started the program in 1967 to bring the state’s heritage to the public’s attention with on-site markers. Budget cuts to the program caused the program to become dormant in 2009. Many of the markers are lost of damaged.

El Dorado Canyon NSHM looks down on Lake Mojave in Clark County Nevada
El Dorado Canyon looks down on Lake Mojave in Clark County Nevada

El Dorado Canyon has a long history of mining in Nevada. Early on in its history, the canyon operated as a Colorado River Steamship port which offload mining and settlement supplies into the surrounding desert. The towns of El Dorado and Nelson are founded within the canyon hosted miners, settlers and a strong criminal element. For a time, the settlements were some of the most violent in the region.

Today, the “ghost town” of Nelson is a semipopular tourist destination. The townsite is an easy drive from Las Vegas and offers visitors the chance to see some old mining artifacts, structures and mines. However the location is clearly reconstructed appear something that it never was. For those of us who love to visit ghost towns, you may be disappointed.

Regardless, the history of the location is storied and full of adventure.

Nevada State Historic Marker Text

Toward the Colorado River from this point runs El Dorado Canyon, where occurred one of the biggest mining booms in Nevada history. Gold and silver were discovered here about 1859 and soon mines were developed. In the 1860’s, the canyon was bursting with a rowdy population of nearly 500 men, many of these said to be deserters from the Civil War.

The river was navigable at the time, making it possible to bring in food and supplies by boat.

Notorious for its feuds and shootings, the canyon was equally well known for its three largest mines, the Techatticup, Wall Street and Savage which yielded five million dollars during 40 years of operations.

STATE HISTORICAL MARKER NO. 6 – STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE

Nevada State Historic Marker Map

Nevada Historic Marker Summary

ID6
NameEl Dorado Canyon
LocationClark County, Nevada
Latitude, Longitude35.8281, -114.9369

References

Ivanpah California – San Bernardino County Ghost Town

Not of be confused with two others sites of the same name, Ivanpah is a ghost town and mine site located along the Eastern edge of San Bernardino County, California. Rich Silver deposits found on the lower slopes of Clark Mountain lead to the founding on the town in 1869.

Ivanpah - Bidwell Mill
Ivanpah – Bidwell Mill

The Piute Company of California and Nevada was funding the prospecting for Copper in the area when the rich silver ore is discovered. The company quickly laid out a townsite near “Willow Springs” and named the site “Ivanpah” which is the a Native American word for “Clear Water.”

By 1871, Ivanpah is a well know and flourishing trading post. The town itself is host to fifteen well built adobe buildings which include a hotel, two stores, several small houses and the head quarters for the Piute Company of California and Nevada. In 1875 a 5-stamp mill in constructed by the McFarlane brothers. The Lizzie Bullock mine receives a larger 10-stamp mill built by JA Bidwell. A Post Office is founded in 1878 and the following year the foot print of buildings includes o saloons, two stores, two blacksmith shops, two shoemakers’ shops, two hotels, two hay yards, a butcher shop, and several “neat and comfortable” houses.

Ivanpah was host to several mines in the nearby Mineral hills including Hite & Chatfield (renamed to Lizzie Bullock), the monitor and the Beatrice which is owned by Andrew, John, Tom and William McFarland.

The founding of Providence and Calico pulled interest away from Ivanpah, and the ore loosing its quality and value doomed the town to history.

Ivanpah Town Map

Town Summary

NameIvanpah
Also Known AsIvanpah I
LocationSan Bernardino, California
Latitude, Longitude35.545, -115.535278
Elevation4,880 Feet
Active1869 – 1898
Population100 – 300
Post Office1878 – 1899
News PaperGreen-Eyed Monster 1880

References