Georgetown – Kane County Ghost Town

Kane county Ghost Towns
Kane county Ghost Towns

Georgetown, Kane County, Utah, was a small Mormon pioneer settlement (later a ghost town) on Yellow Creek, a tributary of the Paria River, roughly three miles south of Cannonville.

Founding and Naming

Settlement began in the spring of 1886 when Seth Johnson and his sons Joseph and Eleazer built homes there. It formed part of the broader expansion into the upper Paria River country in the 1870s–1880s, after earlier nearby efforts such as the 1874–75 founding of what became Cannonville (initially involving sites like Clifton). Both Georgetown and Cannonville were named for George Q. Cannon, a prominent local Latter-day Saint (LDS) leader.

The community grew into a modest village of about 100 people. It supported basic institutions including a store, a school, and a post office. Like many Southern Utah settlements of the era, it depended on unreliable water sources for farming and livestock in an arid landscape.

Context in Kane County and Southern Utah Settlement

Kane County (created 1864 and named for Thomas L. Kane, a non-Mormon supporter of the Mormon pioneers) saw initial mid-1860s settlement attempts that were disrupted by Native American conflicts (primarily involving Southern Paiute groups and related hostilities). Permanent resettlement accelerated after 1870, with communities such as Kanab (reestablished under Levi Stewart at Brigham Young’s direction), Glendale, Orderville (notable for its United Order communal experiment), and others. The upper Paria area followed in the mid-to-late 1870s as settlers sought farmland and grazing.

Ranching and limited agriculture dominated early economies across the county. Water scarcity, isolation, and environmental challenges were constant themes. Nearby developments included irrigation efforts (such as later canal projects feeding Tropic) and the growth of Cannonville and Henrieville.

Decline and Legacy

Unreliable water supplies—typical of the region—led to Georgetown’s abandonment. It became a ghost town by the late 1940s. Remaining features include a small abandoned cabin and a nearby cemetery with headstones. The Georgetown Cemetery (sometimes associated in records with the Cannonville/Garfield County border area due to proximity and historical boundary considerations) holds pioneer burials; one documented figure connected to the broader Johnson family history in the region is Seth Guernsey Johnson (1839–1927).

Today the site is a minor historic remnant in the scenic landscape near Bryce Canyon National Park and Kodachrome Basin, reflecting the pattern of many short-lived Southern Utah pioneer villages that rose with Mormon colonization and faded under environmental and economic pressures. Sources for its history include local place-name studies (such as John W. Van Cott’s Utah Place Names), ghost-town documentation, and regional histories of Kane and Garfield counties.

Upper Kanab – Kane County Ghost Town

Kane county Ghost Towns
Kane county Ghost Towns

Upper Kanab was a 19th-century Mormon pioneer settlement in Kane County, Utah, in the high mountain valley near the headwaters of Kanab Creek (also associated with the East Fork of the Virgin River drainage). It lay roughly three miles northeast of the present-day town of Alton, at an elevation of about 7,000–7,200 feet. The site is now considered a ghost town; the original community faded as residents shifted to the nearby planned town of Alton in the early 20th century.

Early Settlement and Abandonment (1865–1866)

In the spring of 1865, Lorenzo Wesley Roundy (a Utah pioneer of 1847) and other families from the north, including Jerad C. Roundy, Myron S. Roundy, William Ford, members of the Smith and Partridge families, and others, settled in the upper Kanab Creek valley. They built log cabins (Roundy constructed two) just west of what later became the site of a Kane County dairy. The area offered tall grass for hay, clear streams, timber, wildlife, and wild fruit, though the high altitude brought colder conditions than the lower “Dixie” settlements of southwestern Utah.

The stay was brief. In spring 1866, amid broader Indian hostilities (related to the Black Hawk War period and Navajo/Paiute conflicts that also forced the temporary abandonment of Kanab and Long Valley settlements), Apostle Erastus Snow called the Upper Kanab settlers to move to Berryville and Winsor (present-day Glendale and Mount Carmel) to strengthen those communities. Lorenzo Roundy did not return; he later settled in Kanarraville and served as bishop there until his death by drowning in the Colorado River in 1876 while ferrying supplies.

Resettlement and Development (1872 onward)

Upper Kanab remained abandoned until May 1872, when Lorenzo’s nephew Byron (Bye) Donalvin Roundy, his wife Matilda Ann (Lorenzo’s daughter), and their baby moved into one of the earlier cabins. They spent the first winter largely alone. Byron’s brother William Heber Roundy and others later joined, establishing permanent homes and 160-acre homesteads. The brothers were involved in cattle operations.

A sawmill operated in the area (with Graham Duncan Macdonald serving as bookkeeper). Macdonald acquired land nearby, married Annie Gardner of St. George in 1875, and became a pioneer of the nearby Ranch settlement (several miles southwest of present Alton). Mail for Upper Kanab and Sink Valley was addressed to Ranch, Utah, and held at Macdonald’s. The Canaan Cooperative Stock Company (headquartered in St. George) bought up many claims, though the Roundys declined to sell theirs. Dairy and livestock operations thrived due to the excellent grass and water; contemporary accounts praised the location for dairying.

In spring 1882, the David (or Daniel) Seegmiller and Edwin D. Woolley families arrived; Woolley had been called to manage the Church ranch. Mary Woolley (later Chamberlain) described a picturesque valley at the head of the Rio Virgin with lakes (including Levanger and Macdonald Lakes), pink cliffs (the same formation as Bryce Canyon), and community life that included a schoolhouse/church at a road fork and a recreation hall where dances lasted until daylight, with local musicians.

The settlement supported ranching, dairying, lumbering, and limited agriculture. It remained a scattered, primarily agricultural community rather than a densely built townsite.

Decline and Transition to Alton

By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Upper Kanab was one of three small communities in the high mountain area (alongside Ranch and what became Alton). Residents sought better homes and a more formal town layout. In 1901, Jonathan Heaton bought significant land (including the Seegmiller estate) and moved his large family there. He had the “Oak Flat” area surveyed and lots sold. A schoolhouse was completed around 1908.

In 1908–1912 the new community adopted the name Alton (drawn from a hat containing suggestions including Heatonville, Oaktown, Snowville, and Klondyke; the winning name was inspired by Norway’s Alton Fjord and the local high elevation). Alton was formally planned in the Mormon village style, incorporated in 1935, and persisted as a ranching and agricultural town. Upper Kanab itself ceased to function as a distinct community and became a ghost town, with the original site largely abandoned in favor of Alton a few miles away.

Present Status and Context

Little remains of Upper Kanab beyond possible scattered foundations, cabin remnants, or landscape features associated with the early ranching and dairy operations. The high valley near the Sunset Cliffs / Paunsaugunt Plateau edge retains its scenic character. Alton continues as a small community (population historically fluctuating, around 100–200 in recent decades) focused on ranching and agriculture, serving as a quiet base near Bryce Canyon and other southern Utah attractions.

Upper Kanab’s history reflects typical patterns of southern Utah pioneer settlement: initial exploratory colonization, interruption by Indian conflicts in the mid-1860s, resilient return and economic focus on livestock and dairy suited to the high country, and eventual consolidation into more permanent townsites. Primary accounts come from local pioneer histories, family recollections (including Roundy and Woolley descendants), and Kane County histories. Note that some popular “ghost town” summaries occasionally conflate Upper Kanab details with the better-known history of Kanab itself (settled/abandoned/resettled on a different timeline farther south).

Silver Mountain City, California – Alpine County Ghost Town

Perched at an elevation of 6,411 feet along the banks of Silver Creek in the rugged Sierra Nevada mountains, Silver Mountain City stands as a faded emblem of California’s silver mining frenzy. Originally settled by Norwegian prospectors in the late 1850s, this remote outpost—once a bustling hub of ambition and fortune-seeking—evolved from a modest mining camp into the inaugural county seat of Alpine County. Its story intertwines with the broader Comstock Lode era, reflecting the volatile boom-and-bust cycle that defined the American West. Today, it lingers as a ghost town, its remnants whispering tales of silver strikes, ethnic enclaves, and inevitable decline, while maintaining historical ties to nearby settlements like Markleeville and Bodie. This report delves into its founding, zenith, economic drivers, interconnections with surrounding areas, transportation networks, prominent figures, and enduring legacy.

 Main Street, Silver Mountain, Alpine County - Photographed by Lawrence & Houseworth, Publisher, 1866
Main Street, Silver Mountain, Alpine County – Photographed by Lawrence & Houseworth, Publisher, 1866

Founding and Early Years (1858–1864)

The origins of Silver Mountain City trace back to 1858, when a group of Scandinavian—predominantly Norwegian—miners staked claims in the area, dubbing their nascent settlement Kongsberg or Konigsberg after a famed mining town in Norway. The camp remained small and unassuming until the summer of 1861, when the discovery of rich ruby silver ore veins sparked a frenzied rush. Prospectors from Virginia City and other Comstock Lode camps flooded the region, drawn by tales of glittering outcrops along the mountain spurs. By 1862, hasty wooden structures—saloons, stores, and shanties—sprouted amid the pines, with corner lots fetching premium prices in the chaotic boom. A post office opened in 1863 under the name Konigsberg, briefly closing in 1864 before reopening.

In 1864, the town’s fortunes elevated dramatically when Alpine County was carved from neighboring territories, and Silver Mountain City—boasting a population exceeding 1,000—was designated its first county seat. This political distinction fueled further growth, transforming the settlement into a vibrant community of miners, merchants, and families, all chasing the silver dream that extended from the legendary Comstock strikes.

Boom Period and Economy (1865–1875)

Renamed Silver Mountain City in 1865 to reflect its mineral wealth, the town reached its apex in the mid-1860s, with a population swelling to approximately 3,000 residents. The streets buzzed with activity: general stores stocked mining tools and provisions, bakeries wafted the aroma of fresh bread, restaurants catered to weary diggers, and hotels like the Fiske Hotel (erected in 1863) provided lodging amid the clamor. Assay offices evaluated ore samples, blacksmiths forged equipment, and saloons—such as Davidson’s—fostered both camaraderie and conflict. The Silver Mountain Chronicle newspaper, established in 1867, chronicled local events, from claim disputes to social gatherings.

The economy hinged on silver extraction, with ledges repeatedly staked in the Silver Mining District. Mills processed the ore, including one built by Daniel Davidson in 1862 along Silver Creek. Though less prolific than Virginia City’s veins, the mines sustained a polyglot population, blending Norwegian founders with immigrants from across the globe, embodying the era’s greed, grit, and occasional violence—complete with murderers amid the merchants and mothers.

Mines and Key Operations

Silver Mountain City’s prosperity stemmed from silver deposits, particularly ruby silver ore, discovered in outcrops and spurs along the canyon. While specific mine names are sparse in records, operations clustered around Silver Creek, where multiple mills—up to several by 1862—crushed and refined the ore. Daniel Davidson’s mill was a cornerstone until its acquisition in 1870 by Scottish investor Lewis Chalmers, who expanded it for his employer’s company. Chalmers also constructed a smelter, underscoring the town’s industrial ambitions. Though yields paled compared to the Comstock Lode, these mines supported the local economy until depletion set in by the early 1870s.

Relationships with Surrounding Towns

As a spin-off of the Comstock Lode, Silver Mountain City drew heavily from Virginia City, with prospectors migrating en masse during the 1861 rush. Its closest ties were with Markleeville, five miles south, which supplanted it as Alpine County’s seat in 1875, prompting the relocation of structures like the Fiske Hotel (renamed Hot Springs Hotel, later Alpine Hotel) and the stone jail. To the east, Bodie lured away residents in 1878 following a major silver strike, accelerating the town’s exodus. Proximity to Woodfords and Monitor Pass facilitated trade, while the broader region—including Murphys to the west—connected via mountain passes, fostering a network of interdependent mining communities.

Transportation and Access

Lacking railroads due to its isolated, mountainous terrain, Silver Mountain City relied on overland trails and wagon roads for connectivity. Early arrivals descended steep canyons on foot or horseback, with the wagon road lagging miles behind. No train stops existed; instead, supplies and people traversed routes now approximated by Highways 88, 89, and 4, linking to Ebbetts Pass and beyond. This rugged access underscored the town’s frontier isolation, where winter snows often severed ties to the outside world.

Notable Historic Citizens

Among the town’s colorful inhabitants, Lewis Chalmers emerges as a pivotal figure: a Scottish native who acquired Davidson’s mill in 1870, built the grand Chalmers’ Mansion in 1871, and operated a smelter until his return to Scotland in 1884. He married his housekeeper, Antoinette “Nettie” Laughton, in 1880; they raised children amid the declining town, with Nettie remaining after his departure until her death in 1913. Daniel Davidson, the mill’s original builder, represented the entrepreneurial spirit of early settlers. The diverse populace included Norwegian founders, merchants like those at Sauquet’s Store, and unnamed miners whose graves dot the pioneer cemetery near Chalmers’ Mansion, where family members—including Chalmers’ sons—are interred. Accounts from figures like William H. Brewer, who documented the region in his 1860s journal, provide vivid snapshots of life in this transient society.

Decline and Legacy (1875–1890)

The town’s downfall accelerated in the 1870s as ore veins dwindled, prompting an exodus starting around 1873. Losing the county seat to Markleeville in 1875 marked a turning point, with buildings dismantled and relocated. The 1878 Bodie bonanza siphoned remaining residents, and a devastating fire in 1882 razed much of Main Street. By 1886, it was a ghost town, its post office shuttered in 1883. Yet, Silver Mountain City’s legacy endures: without its population surge, Alpine County might not have formed. Relics like the Fiske Hotel in Markleeville and the jail at the local museum preserve its memory.

Current Status

Silver Mountain City is a quintessential ghost town, accessible via a short hike from Highway 4 near Ebbetts Pass. Pines encroach on former streets, leaving only rock foundations, hand-dug cellars, and scattered bricks from Chalmers’ smelter. Informational markers and the pioneer cemetery—its headstones lost to time—offer poignant glimpses into the past. No residents remain, but the site attracts history enthusiasts along the Ebbetts Pass Scenic Byway, serving as a testament to California’s mining heritage.

Lake Mary – Mammoth Lakes

Lake Mary is the largest and most prominent lake in the Mammoth Lakes Basin in the Eastern Sierra Nevada of California, renowned for its stunning alpine scenery, clear waters, and recreational opportunities. Located near the town of Mammoth Lakes in Mono County, it serves as a crown jewel of the region, drawing visitors year-round for its natural beauty and accessibility.

Lake Mary, Mammoth Lakes, California - Photo by Paul Wight
Lake Mary, Mammoth Lakes, California – Photo by Paul Wight

Physical Description and Geography

Lake Mary sits at an elevation of approximately 8,900–8,920 feet (around 2,713–2,719 meters). It measures roughly 1 mile (1.6 km) long and about 0.5 miles wide, covering around 140–143 acres with a maximum depth of about 114 feet. Its clear, cold waters reflect the surrounding landscape dramatically.

The lake occupies a glacial cirque basin carved by ancient ice movements in the Sierra Nevada. It is a natural lake (not man-made or dam-controlled), fed by multiple inlets—including four year-round ones and seasonal streams—plus natural warm springs from beneath the surface. These features support a rich ecosystem.

Surrounding the lake are dense stands of lodgepole pines and other conifers, with dramatic granite peaks rising in the background. Key landmarks include the prominent white monolith of Crystal Crag and the dark granite walls of the Mammoth Crest. These create iconic reflections in the lake’s calm waters, especially on clear days. Nearby peaks in the John Muir Wilderness reach 9,000–10,000+ feet, contributing to a rugged, high-alpine setting.

The lake connects to other bodies of water in the basin, such as Lake Mamie (to the east), Lake George, and Twin Lakes, forming a scenic chain accessible via Lake Mary Road (off CA 203 from Mammoth Lakes town, about 3–5 miles away).

Scenic Beauty and Visual Appeal

Lake Mary is frequently described as serene, breathtaking, and one of the most beautiful spots in the Mammoth Lakes area. Its crystal-clear waters mirror the surrounding Sierra Nevada peaks, pines, and sky, creating postcard-perfect vistas. Visitors highlight:

  • Reflections — Especially of Crystal Crag and the Mammoth Crest, which appear almost painterly on still mornings or afternoons.
  • Alpine contrasts — Deep blue or turquoise waters against dark granite, evergreen forests, and often lingering snow patches (even into July in some years).
  • Seasonal transformations — Summer brings lush greenery and wildflowers; fall offers golden aspens (though more prominent nearby); winter transforms it into a snowy wonderland for cross-country skiing and snowshoeing along groomed trails.

Many call it the “crown jewel” of the basin due to its size, accessibility, and views. It feels pristine yet approachable, with picnic areas, trails, and lodges enhancing the experience without overwhelming the natural setting.

Ecology and Wildlife

The lake supports a thriving fishery, heavily stocked with rainbow, brook, and brown trout (it receives the highest number of plants in the basin). Large holdover trout are common, with historical records including fish over 25–28 pounds and legends of even bigger ones. Warm springs and inlets create productive spawning and feeding grounds, also attracting waterfowl like ducks.

The surrounding forests and wilderness host typical Sierra wildlife. Swimming is generally not permitted in the basin lakes to protect water quality, but the area supports hiking, paddling, and other low-impact activities.

Human History and Development

The broader Mammoth Lakes area has ties to the Gold Rush era and later logging/mining, with some historic ruins nearby. Lake Mary itself has long been a recreational focal point. Facilities include:

  • Campgrounds (e.g., Lake Mary Campground with dozens of sites among pines, some with lake views; open roughly mid-June to mid-September).
  • Marinas and lodges — Pokonobe Lodge/Marina and Lake Mary Marina offer boat rentals (kayaks, canoes, sailboats), fishing supplies, and snacks. Crystal Crag Lodge provides rustic cabins on the southwest shore.
  • Trails and paths — Lakes Basin Path and other paved or mixed trails for walking, biking, or e-biking; connections to hiking in the John Muir Wilderness.

The lake is popular but can feel crowded during peak summer weekends. A free trolley from Mammoth Village provides easy access.

Recreational Activities

  • Boating and paddling — Excellent for sailing (due to its width), kayaking, canoeing, and stand-up paddleboarding. The waters are generally calm.
  • Fishing — Highly regarded for trout; popular spots near inlets.
  • Hiking and biking — Lakeside trails, plus connections to broader networks.
  • Camping and picnicking — Abundant spots with views.
  • Winter sports — Cross-country skiing and snowshoeing on groomed trails.
  • Other — Photography, wildlife viewing, and as a base for exploring nearby lakes and waterfalls.

Practical Information and Conservation

Access is via paved Lake Mary Road, with parking and day-use areas. The area is managed by Inyo National Forest. As part of the Eastern Sierra, it lies near the geologically active Long Valley Caldera, contributing to the dramatic landscape (though the lake itself is stable).

Visitors should follow Leave No Trace principles to preserve water quality and the fragile alpine environment. Facilities include flush toilets and water at campgrounds, but services are seasonal.

In summary, Lake Mary embodies the quintessential high Sierra beauty: a large, reflective alpine lake framed by granite peaks and pine forests, offering both tranquility and adventure. Its combination of accessibility, size, and scenic grandeur makes it a must-visit destination in Mammoth Lakes, whether for a day trip or an extended stay. For the latest conditions, check with Visit Mammoth or Inyo National Forest resources.

Big Bear Lake

Big Bear Lake is a prominent man-made reservoir and popular year-round resort destination in the San Bernardino Mountains of San Bernardino County, California. Located about 100 miles (160 km) northeast of Los Angeles and roughly 25 miles (40 km) northeast of the city of San Bernardino, it sits within the San Bernardino National Forest at a high elevation, offering a striking alpine escape from Southern California’s lowlands.

Big Bear Lake covered in snow. Photo by James L Rathbun
Big Bear Lake covered in snow. Photo by James L Rathbun

Physical Description and Geography

Big Bear Lake is a snow- and rain-fed reservoir with no other tributaries or mechanical replenishment. It was created in 1884 by damming Bear Valley to supply irrigation water to citrus groves in areas like Redlands; the original rock dam was later supplemented by a larger multiple-arch concrete dam in 1912, which significantly increased capacity. The old dam remains submerged.

Key physical stats include:

  • Length: Approximately 7 miles (11 km) east-west.
  • Width: Up to about 2.5 miles (4 km) at its widest, though it averages a little more than 0.5 miles (0.8 km).
  • Surface area: Around 2,971 acres (12 km²).
  • Shoreline: Over 22 miles.
  • Average depth: 35 feet (11 m).
  • Maximum depth: 72 feet (22 m) near the dam.
  • Water volume: About 73,320 acre-feet (at optimum levels).
  • Surface elevation: Approximately 6,743–6,752 feet (2,055–2,058 m) above sea level, with the broader valley ranging from about 6,750 to 9,000 feet.

The lake is surrounded by rugged mountain terrain, dense forests (primarily ponderosa pines and other conifers), meadows, and rocky outcrops. It lies in a “Sky Island” ecosystem—an isolated high-elevation habitat with unique biodiversity, including rare plants. The city of Big Bear Lake (population around 5,000, though visitor numbers swell dramatically on weekends) occupies the south shore, while the north shore features more forested and recreational areas. Access is via scenic highways like CA-18 (Rim of the World Highway) and CA-38.

The area experiences a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb) bordering humid continental (Dsb), with cooler temperatures and more precipitation than surrounding lowlands due to elevation. Summers are mild (daytime highs often 70–80°F, cooler nights), while winters bring significant snowfall (averaging 50–70+ inches seasonally at lake level, much more at higher elevations), making it Southern California’s primary skiing/snowboarding destination. It enjoys over 300 sunny days annually but can see freezing temperatures year-round.

Big Bear Lake viewed from Knickerbocker Road.
Big Bear Lake viewed from Knickerbocker Road.

Natural Beauty and Scenic Appeal

Big Bear Lake is renowned for its breathtaking natural beauty, often described as a sapphire or jewel nestled among towering peaks and pine forests. The clear, shimmering waters reflect the surrounding mountains, creating stunning vistas that change dramatically with the seasons.

  • Summer and Fall: Lush green forests line the shores, with wildflowers in meadows. The lake invites boating, with glassy waters ideal for reflection photos, especially at spots like Boulder Bay Park. Towering pines, quartz-rich outcrops, and distant desert views (e.g., toward the Mojave from higher points) add dramatic contrast.
  • Winter: Snow blankets the landscape, turning it into a pristine wonderland. Snow-capped peaks frame the partially frozen or icy lake, with evergreen trees providing striking color contrast. Ski resorts like Snow Summit and Bear Mountain enhance the alpine feel.
  • Overall Landscape: The high-elevation setting creates a sense of isolation and serenity amid Southern California’s urban sprawl. Panoramic views from trails, chairlifts, or overlooks (such as from Butler Peak) showcase the valley’s expanse, with the lake as a central blue gem amid forested ridges.

This beauty has made it a favorite filming location for movies like Gone with the Wind, Daniel Boone, and Old Yeller, as well as TV shows.

Wildlife and Ecology

A Stellar's Jay ( Cyanocitta stelleri ) stealing peanuts in Big Bear, California
A Stellar’s Jay ( Cyanocitta stelleri ) stealing peanuts in Big Bear, California

The region supports diverse wildlife typical of a Sky Island forest: black bears (introduced in the 1930s after grizzlies were extirpated), mountain lions, bobcats, coyotes, deer, and bald eagles (a winter highlight for viewers). There are also rare and endemic plants. The Big Bear Alpine Zoo aids injured wildlife. Fishing is popular, with trout, bass, and catfish abundant, though consumption advisories exist due to mercury/PCBs.

History and Development

Indigenous Serrano people (calling the area “Yuhaviat” or “Pine Place”) inhabited the valley for thousands of years. European-American naming and exploration came in the 1840s via Benjamin Wilson’s bear-hunting party. Gold rushes in the mid-1800s brought miners, followed by the dam and tourism boom in the early 20th century, aided by better roads and Hollywood interest. It evolved into a four-season resort with skiing (notably hosting early Winter X Games), hiking, and more.

Attractions and Recreation

Beyond natural beauty, Big Bear offers hiking/biking trails (over 100 miles), water sports, golf, the Big Bear Solar Observatory, and cultural spots like theaters and festivals (e.g., Oktoberfest). It balances accessibility with wilderness.

In summary, Big Bear Lake stands out as Southern California’s premier alpine lake destination, blending impressive physical scale, dramatic seasonal scenery, rich ecology, and recreational opportunities in a high-mountain setting that feels worlds away from the urban coast below. Its enduring appeal lies in this accessible yet pristine natural splendor.